Global burden of lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990-2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 202
Author: Sirota, Sarah Brooke; Bender, Rose Grace; Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva; Movo, Amanda; Swetschinski, Lucien R.; Araki, Daniel T.; Han, Chieh; Wool, Eve E.; He, Jiawei; Carter, Austin; Jabbar, Ahmed A. J.; Aalipour, Mohammad Amin; Aalruz, Hasan; Dolatabadi, Zahra Abbasi; Abbastabar, Hedayat; Abd ElHafeez, Samar; Abdalla, Ashraf Nabiel; Abdalla, Mohammed Altigani; Abdullah; Abdallah, Emad M.; Razeq, Nadin M. I. Abdel; Abdelkader, Atef; Abd-Elsalam, Sherief; Abdelwahab, Siddig Ibrahim; Abdoun, Meriem; Abdous, Arman; Abdrabou, Mostafa M.; Aziz, Jeza Muhamad Abdul; Abdulah, Deldar Morad; Abdullahi, Auwal; Abdul-Rahman, Toufik; Abdykerimova, Kulmira; Getahun, Habtamu Abebe; Abedi, Armita; Abejew, Asrat Agalu; Abidi, Syed Hani; Abil, Olifan Zewdie; Abiodun, Olumide; Aboagye, Richard Gyan; Abolhassani, Hassan; Abonie, Ulric Sena; Aborode, Abdullahi Tunde; Abourashed, Nagah M.; Abtahi, Dariush; Abu, Zhanar; Abu Farha, Rana Kamal; Abuadas, Fuad Hamdi A.; Abubakar, Aminu Kende; Abubakar, Usman; Abu-Elala, Nermeen; Abu-Gharbieh, Eman; Abuhelwa, Ahmad Y.; Abukhadijah, Hana J.; Abushanab, Dina; Acharya, Anirudh Balakrishna; Acharya, Krishna Prasad; Acharya, Swetha; Achore, Meshack; Adal, Ousman; Adams, Lisa C.; Addo, Isaac Yeboah; Adebisi, Tajudeen Adesanmi; Adedia, David; Adedokun, Kamoru Ademola; Adegoke, Nurudeen A.; Adekanmbi, Victor; Adeleke, Olumide Thomas; Adesina, Miracle Ayomikun; Adesola, Ridwan Olamilekan; Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun; Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi; Adewumi, Idowu Peter; Adhana, Mache Tsadik; Adhikary, Ripon Kumar; Adiba, Atman; Adiga, Usha; Adnan, Mohd; Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah; Affinito, Giuseppina; Afzal, Saira; Agafari, Gizachew Beykaso; Aggarwal, Navidha; Agordoh, Percival Delali; Agrawal, Anurag; Agyemang-Duah, Williams; Ahadi, Mahsa; Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku; Ahmad, Adamu Adamu; Ahmad, Aqeel; Ahmad, Danish; Ahmad, Faisal; Ahmad, Ijaz; Ahmad, Khurshid; Ahmad, Muayyad M.; Ahmad, Rabbiya; Ahmad, Sajjad; Ahmad, Tauseef; Ahmadi, Ali; Ahmadi, Mahnaz; Ahmed, Ali; Ahmed, Ayman; Ahmed, Gasha Salih; Ahmed, Haroon; Ahmed, Mehrunnisha Sharif; Ahmed, Meqdad Saleh; Ahmed, Mushood; Ahmed, Naveed; Ahmed, Shahzaib; Ahmed, Syed Anees; El-Imam, Ibrahim Ahmed; Akeju, Oluwasefunmi; Akhigbe, Roland Eghoghosoa; Akhtar, Muhammad Nadeem; Akinosoglou, Karolina; Akram, Hammad; Al Awaidy, Salah; Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz; Al Zoubi, Mohammad Ahmmad Mahmoud; Al-Abbadi, Mousa Ali; Alajlani, Muaaz M.; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Mohammad Khursheed; Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour; Alanzi, Turki M.; Alao, Jude Oluwapelumi; Alarifi, Abdullah; Al-Ashwal, Fahmi Y.; Alavi, Seyed Mohammad Amin; Albashtawy, Mohammed; AlBataineh, Mohammad T.; Al-Dewik, Nader; Aldhaleei, Wafa A.; Aleidi, Shereen M.; Alemnew, Fentahun; Alfalki, Ali M.; Algammal, Abdelazeem M.; Alhumaidi, Ashraf; Alhumaydhi, Fahad A.; Ali, Haroon Muhammad; Ali, Kamran Liaqat Ali; Ali, Maratab; Ali, Mohammad Daud; Ali, Mohammed Usman; Ali, Rafat; Ali, Shahid; Ali, Syed Shujait; Al-Iede, Montaha; Alif, Sheikh Mohammad; Alimohammadi, Mina; Rokny, Hamid Alinejad; Alipour, Morteza; Al-Jabi, Samah W.; Aljofan, Mohamad; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Allemailem, Khaled S.; Al-Marwani, Sabah; Almazan, Joseph Uy; Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M.; Almobayed, Amr; Alnaeem, Mohmmad Minwer; Alnakshabandie, Wasan Madhat Yousif; Alniss, Hasan Yaser; Alomari, Mahmoud A.; Alqahtani, Jaber S.; Al-Qudimat, Ahmad Rajeh; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M.; Alrimawi, Intima; Alrousan, Sahel Majed; Alsabri, Mohammed A.; Alshahrani, Najim Z.; Alshetaiwi, Hamad; Alsowaida, Yazed Saleh; Altaany, Zaid; Altaf, Awais; Al-Tammemi, Alaa B.; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Althobiani, Malik A.; Altirkawi, Khalid A.; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J.; Alwafi, Hassan; Al-Wardat, Mohammad; Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed; Aly, Hany; Alyahya, Mohammad Sharif Ibrahim; Alzoubi, Karem H.; Al-Zubairi, Adel S.; Al-Zubayer, Md Akib; Al-Zyoud, Walid A.; Amafah, Ekiyor Joseph; Mohammadi, Masoud Aman; Amhare, Abebe Feyissa; Amini, Saeed; Aminu, Kafayat; Aminu, Nafiu; Aminzare, Majid; Amiri, Sohrab; Amirtharaj, Anandhi Deva; Amugsi, Dickson A.; Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi; Anagnostakis, Filippos; Anbesu, Etsay Woldu; Ancuceanu, Robert; Anderlini, Deanna; Anil, Abhishek; Anjana, Prapti; Anjorin, Abdul-Azeez Adeyemi; Annadurai, Kabilan; Anuoluwa, Boluwatife Stephen; Anuoluwa, Iyadunni Adesola; Anvari, Saeid; Anwer, Razique; Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward; Apostol, Geminn Louis Carace; Appati, Walter; Arabloo, Jalal; Arockiaraj, Jesu; Arooj, Mahwish; Artamonov, Anton A.; Arumuganainar, Deepavalli; Arystan, Nabiy; Asdaq, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin; Asebot, Melat Tesfaye; Asefa, Shewatatek Melaku; Asemahagn, Mulusew Andualem A.; Ashraf, Syed Amir; Ashraf, Tahira; Ashrafi, Mitra; Aslam, Muhammad Shahzad; Asri, Yuni; Assefa, Dereje Zewdu; Assembekov, Batyrbek; Atac, Omer; Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin; Atre, Sachin R.; Atta, Julie Alaere; Atwan, Zeenah A.; Augello, Matteo; Aujayeb, Avinash; Aurangzeb, Khursheed; Awan, Sana Javaid; Awoke, Andargie Abate; Awosile, Babafela B.; Ayele, Habtamu Molla; Ayipo, Yusuf Oloruntoyin; Ayyoubzadeh, Seyed Mohammad; Azad, A. K. M.; Azadi, Davood; Azami, Hiva; Aziz, Sadat Abdulla; Azizan, Amin; Babatope, Abisola Esther; Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah; Bacha, Israel Tadesse; Badar, Muhammad; Badran, Alaa Aboelnour; Baghizadeh, Fereshteh; Baghlaf, Khlood K.; Bahreini, Razieh; Baig, Atif Amin; Bakhshali, Mohamad Amin; Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar; Hasankhani, Mohammadreza Balooch; Barac, Aleksandra; Barik, Manish; Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat; Bashir, Muhammad Irfan; Bashir, Shahid; Bashiri, Azadeh; Basri, Rehana; Bassat, Quique; Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi; Batiha, Abdul-Monim; Batra, Kavita; Batra, Ravi; Bayat, Mahdis; Bayleyegn, Zemenu Wube; Bazaid, Abdulrahman S.; Bedi, Neeraj; Beeraka, Narasimha M.; Behzadi, Payam; Belay, Bekalu Mekonen; Belayneh, Asnake Gashaw; Belayneh, Melesse; Bele, Samir; Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal; Bell, Michelle L.; Bello, Muhammad Bashir; Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja; Bello, Umar Muhammad; Tune, Samiun Nazrin Bente Kamal; Bera, Om Prakash Prakash; Berihun, Abiye Assefa; Bermudez, Amiel Nazer C.; Bettencourt, Paulo J. G.; Bhargava, Ashish; Bhaskar, Sonu; Bhattacharjee, Priyadarshini; Bhattacharjee, Shuvarthi; Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh; Bhatti, Manpreet Singh; Binsaleh, Naif Kandash; Birru, Eshetie Melese; Biswas, Bijit; Biswas, Mohammad Shahangir; Bitar, Ahmad Naoras; Bitew, Molalegne; Bizzozero-Peroni, Bruno; Bodhare, Trupti; Bogale, Eyob Ketema; Boloor, Archith; Bolourinejad, Paria; Borran, Mina; Bosoka, Samuel Adolf; Carvajal, Alejandro Botero; Bouaoud, Souad; Boxe, Christopher; Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich; Linh Phuong Bui; Busch, Felix; Bustanji, Yasser; Calina, Daniela; Capodici, Angelo; Carugno, Andrea; Carvalho, Felix; Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A.; Cegolon, Luca; Cenderadewi, Muthia; Cernigliaro, Achille; Cevik, Muge; Chadwick, Joshua; Chakraborty, Chiranjib; Chakraborty, Sandip; Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Chau, Lam Duc; Chaudhary, Anis Ahmad; Chaudhuri, Sirshendu; Chaurasia, Akhilanand; Chen, Hana; Chen, Haowei; Chen, Hui; Chen, Rucheng; Chen, Xiang; Chew, Nicholas W. S.; Ching, Patrick R.; Chisti, Mohammod Jobayer; Cho, William C. S.; Chong, Bryan; Chopra, Deepti; Chopra, Shivani; Chowdhury, Enayet Karim; Christopher, Devasahayam J.; Chu, Dinh-Toi; Chuang, Ting-Wu; Chukwu, Isaac Sunday; Chung, Eric; Chung, Sunghyun; Chutiyami, Muhammad; Conti, Sara; Corlateanu, Alexandru; Cosma, Claudia; Cruz-Martins, Natalia; Dabbagh, Ali; Dadras, Omid; Dagnew, Ephrem Mebratu; Dai, Xiaochen; Dang, Anh Kim; Daniel, Roy Arokiam; Danpanichkul, Pojsakorn; Danso, Samuel E.; Darcho, Samuel Demissie; Darouei, Bahar; Darwesh, Aso Mohammad; Das, Jai K.; Das, Saswati; Davletov, Dimash; de Souza, William Marciel; Deekonda, Sindhura; Del Riccio, Marco; Delgado-Enciso, Ivan; Demeke, Dessalegn; Derese, Tadios Niguss; Dervisevic, Emina; Dervisevic, Muamer; Desalegn, Girmay; Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan; Devegowda, Devananda; Dewan, Syed Masudur Rahman; Dhali, Arkadeep; Dhane, Amol S.; Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane; Dhimal, Meghnath; Dhungel, Bibha; Di Bella, Stefano; Di Paolo, Antonello; Di Pumpo, Marcello; Ding, Guodong; Hoa Thi Do; Mai Ngoc Do; Thao Huynh Phuong Do; Dokova, Klara Georgieva; Dolatkhah, Neda; Dorostkar, Fariba; Doshi, Ojas Prakashbhai; Dourado, Paulo Magno Martins; Dowou, Robert Kokou; Duraisamy, Senbagam; Durojaiye, Oyewole Christopher; Dutta, Siddhartha; Ebohon, Osamudiamen; Ebrahimi, Mohammad Hossein; Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz; Edeh, Cynthia; Edinur, Hisham Atan; Efendi, Ferry; Eghbali, Foolad; Eini, Ebrahim; Ekholuenetale, Michael; Eko, Seraphine Mojoko; El Arab, Rabie Adel; El Sayed, Iman; Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed; Eldaboush, Ahmed; El-Deyarbi, Marwan; Elhadi, Muhammed; Elhadi, Yasir Ahmed Mohammed; Elhoumed, Mohamed; Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek Abdou; Elmonem, Mohamed A.; Elnaem, Mohamed Hassan; Elshaer, Mohammed; Eltahawy, Abdelgawad Salah; Eshetie, Setegn; Eshrati, Babak; Eshun, Gilbert; Eslami, Majid; Fadavian, Heidar; Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis; Fakhradiyev, Ildar Ravisovich; Fally, Markus; Fan, Qiping; Farahmand, Mohammad; Farasani, Abdullah; Fareed, Mohammad; Farhana, Aisha; Farooq, Syed Muhammad Yousaf; Fasina, Folorunso Oludayo; Fasina, Modupe Margaret; Fatehizadeh, Ali; Fatima, Zareen; Fekadu, Ginenus; Ferrara, Pietro; Ferreira, Nuno; Fetensa, Getahun; Feyisa, Bikila Regassa; Firew, Belete Sewasew; Fischer, Florian; Fonzo, Marco; Rodrigues, Celia Fortuna; Fowotade, Oluwaseun Daniel; Gaal, Peter Andras; Gad, Abdelrahman Gamil; Gaihre, Santosh; Gajdacs, Mario; Ganesh, Balasubramanian; Gangachannaiah, Shivaprakash; Gao, Xiang; Garcia, Fernando Jr Barroga; Garcia-Azorin, David; Garlasco, Jacopo; Gatzioufas, Zisis; Gautam, Rupesh K.; Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru; Geremew, Gebremariam Wulie; Gessner, Bradford D.; Getahun, Genanew K.; Getaneh, Gebremariam; Gete, Kalab Yigermal; Ghadiri, Keyghobad; Ghaffari, Kazem; Ghamkhar, Arin; Gharaibeh, Lobna; Ghasemi, Moein; Ghatee, Mohammad Amin; Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed; Ghimire, Sailaja; Ghoba, Sama; Gil, Artyom Urievich; Gilani, Syed Abdullah; Giri, Bikash Ranjan; Girombelli, Alessandro; Gobolos, Laszlo; Gohari, Kimiya; Goleij, Pouya; Golmohammadi, Melika; Gong, Wenping; Goshu, Yitayal Ayalew; Guadie, Habtamu Alganeh; Guan, Shi-Yang; Guarducci, Giovanni; Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen; Gulma, Kabiru Abubakar; Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga; Gupta, Anish Kumar; Gupta, Gaurav; Gupta, Lalit; Gupta, Sapna; Gupta, Swati; Gupta, Veer Bala; Gupta, Vivek Kumar; Gutierrez-Murillo, Roberth Steven; Guzman-Esquivel, Jose; Habteyohannes, Awoke Derbie; Hadei, Mostafa; Hadi, Najah R.; Hadian, Zahra; Hafiz, Abdul; Nguyen Hai Nam; Haile, Addisalem; Hailu, Kirubel Tesfaye; Haller, Sebastian; Hamad, Islam M.; Hamed, Mohamed; Hammoud, Ahmad; Yekdes, Didem Han; Hanif, Asif; Hanifi, Nasrin; Hanna, Fahad; Haque, Ashanul; Harapan, Harapan; Harboe, Zitta Barrella; Harsini, Sara; Has, Eka Mishbahatul Marah; Hasan, Ikramul; Hasan, Md Kamrul; Hasani, Hamidreza; Haselbeck, Andrea Haekyung; Zadeh, Arezou Hashem; Hashempur, Mohammad Hashem; Hasnain, Ammarah; Hasnain, Md Saquib; Hassan, Amr; Hassan, Ibrahim Nagmeldin; Hassan, Ikrama; Hassan, Md Imtaiyaz; Hassan, Mukhtar Abdi; Hassan, Nageeb; Hassani, Shokoufeh; Hathagoda, Lasanthi Wathsala; Hayat, Khezar; He, Qida; Heibati, Behzad; Heidari, Mohammad; Helmy, Yosra A.; Hendy, Abdelaziz; Herteliu, Claudiu; Hezam, Kamal; Hiraike, Yuta; Holla, Ramesh; Holler, Jon Gitz Gitz; Hossain, Alamgir; Hossain, Md Sabbir; Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi; Hostiuc, Mihaela; Hostiuc, Sorin; Huang, Junjie; Huang, Yongsong; Hushmandi, Kiavash; Hussain, Javid; Hussein, Ali M.; Hussein, Dursa; Hussein, Mohammed Asif; Hussein, Nawfal R.; Husseiny, Mohamed Ibrahim; Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel; Ibragimova, Liliya; Ibrahim, Aminu Alhassan; Ibrahim, Khalid S.; Ibrayeva, Anel; Ikiroma, Adalia; Ikram, Aqsa; Ikuta, Kevin S.; Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen; Ilic, Irena M.; Ilic, Milena D.; Ilyas, Muhammad Hamza; Ilyasu, Salim; Imam, Mohammad Tarique; Immurana, Mustapha; Irham, Lalu Muhammad; Isa, Mustafa Alhaji; Ishaqui, Azfar Athar; Islam, Md Rabiul; Islam, Md Shahinul; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Ismael, Shameeran Salman; Ismail, Faisal; Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah; Ismoldayev, Yerlan; Iwagami, Masao; Iwu-Jaja, Chinwe Juliana; Iyasu, Assefa N.; Jaafari, Jalil; Jadidi, Ali; Jahrami, Haitham; Jain, Ayushi; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo; Jalloh, Mohamed; Jamal, Armaan; Jamal, Qazi Mohammad Sajid; Jamaluddin, Jazlan; James, Jerin; Jamora, Roland Dominic G.; Jarrahi, Esmaeil; Mamaghani, Amirreza Javadi; Javidnia, Javad; Jawaid, Talha; Jayaram, Shubha; Jayasinghe, Ruwan Duminda; Jayasinghe, Yovanthi Anurangi; Jeon, Jae Joon; Jeong, Seogsong; Jiang, Min; Jin, Wenyi; Johnston, Iain; Jomehzadeh, Nabi; Jonas, Jost B.; Jose, Jobin; Joseph, Akaninyene Paul; Joseph, Nitin; Joshi, Krupal; Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma; Vaishali, K.; Kaambwa, Billingsley; Kadashetti, Vidya; Kadir, Dler H. Hussein; Kadir, Mohammad Fahim; Kaibullayeva, Jamilya; Kalavani, Khalil; Kalra, Sanjay; Kamal, Mohammad Azhar; Kamorudeen, Ramat T.; Kamyshnyi, Oleksandr; Kang, Jiseung; Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem; Kannan, Suthanthira S.; Kant, Surya; Kar, Dattatreya; Kar, Debasish; Karajizadeh, Mehrdad; Karakasis, Paschalis; Karami, Jafar; Karch, Andre; Behnagh, Arman Karimi; Karkhah, Samad; Karobari, Mohmed Isaqali; Karpinski, Tomasz M. M.; Kashoo, Faizan Zaffar; Kashyap, Manoj Kumar; Kassahun, Natnael Bekuretsion Bekuretsion; Kausar, Mohd Adnan; Kazemi, Foad; Kebede, Abenezer Zenebe; Kebede, Hafte Kahsay; Kebede, Yabets Tesfaye; Keivanlou, Mohammad-Hossein; Kempen, John H.; Keshwani, Ariz; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khajuria, Himanshu; Khalifa, Hazim O.; Khalil, Anees Ahmed; Khalili, Pantea; Khamesipour, Faham; Khan, Ajmal; Khan, Faiz Ullah Ullah; Khan, Iman Waheed; Khan, Iqra Hamid; Khan, Maseer; Khan, Mohammad Idreesh; Khan, Muhammad Umer; Khan, Serab; Khan, Yusuf Saleem; Khan, Zahid; Khasbage, Sameer Uttamaro; Khatatbeh, Haitham; Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad; Kheirallah, Khalid A.; Khezeli, Mehdi; Khoshvaght, Parisa; Khoshvaght, Samira; Khosravi, Farbod; Khosravi, Sepehr; Kim, Grace; Kim, Hye Jun; Kim, Min Seo; Kimokoti, Ruth W.; Kini, Sanjay B.; Kisa, Adnan; Kisa, Sezer; Kishore, Ladli; Klu, Desmond; Shivakumar, K. M.; Kochhar, Sonali; Koh, Sky Wei Chee; Kolahi, Ali-Asghar; Kompani, Farzad; Korma, Wolyu Erkano; Kormoker, Tapos; Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich; Korzh, Oleksii; Kostev, Karel; Koul, Parvaiz A.; Kretchy, James-Paul; Krishan, Kewal; Kuddus, Mohammed; Kuehni, Claudia E.; Kuitunen, Ilari; Kulimbet, Mukhtar; Kulshreshtha, Shweta; Kumah, Emmanuel; Kumar, Dewesh; Kumar, Jogender; Kumar, Kamal; Kumar, Narendar; Kumar, Rakesh; Kumar, Tushar; Kumar, Vikash; Kumaran, Subramanian; Kundu, Satyajit; Kunjavara, Jibin; Kunutsor, Setor K.; Kurmi, Om P.; Kurniasari, Maria Dyah; Kushawaha, Pramod Kumar; Kusuma, Dian; Kuttybayev, Assylkhan; Kuwornu, John Paul; Kyto, Ville; La Vecchia, Adriano; Lahariya, Chandrakant; Lai, Hanpeng; Lajunen, Timo; Lakanova, Balzhan; Lal, Dharmesh Kumar; Lanfranchi, Francesco; Lau, Colleen L.; Lawanson, Teniola; Duc Huy Le; Thao Thi Thu Le; Ledda, Caterina; Lee, Sergey Vadimovich; Lee, Seung Won; Lee, Wei-Chen; Leivaditis, Vasileios; Lemma, Dawit Alemu; Lewis, Mitchelle Shilpa Shilpa; Li, Chengfeng; Li, Xiaopan; Lin, Jialing; Liu, Gang; Liu, Haipeng; Liu, Jue; Liu, Xuefeng; Liu, Yushan; Liu, Zhe; Llanaj, Erand; Lodhi, Madeeha Shahzad; Loftus, Michael J.; Lu, Kevin; Lubinda, Jailos; Lucchetti, Giancarlo; Luo, Peng; Lutambi, Angelina M.; Lv, Hengliang; Lytras, Miltiadis D.; Lytvyak, Ellina; Amin, Hawraz Ibrahim M.; Ma, Kevin Sheng-Kai; Ma, Zheng Feei; Mabrok, Mahmoud; Madadi, Firoozeh; Madadizadeh, Farzan; Maffia, Pasquale; Maghool, Fatemeh; Magwe, Edward Augustine; Mahamed, Samatar Abshir; Mahmood, Nozad Hussein; Mahmoudi, Shima; Malik, Ahmad Azam; Malik, Shahid; Malik, Tabarak; Malinga, Lesibana Anthony; Malkamu, Birhanemaskal; Manilal, Aseer; Mansoor, Farheen; Manzoor, Shaista; Maqbool, Tahir; Marateb, Hamid Reza; Margetis, Konstantinos; Marks-Hultstrom, Michael; Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo Alfonso; Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlandio; Martorell, Miquel; Marzo, Roy Rillera; Marzouk, Sammer; Matei, Clara N.; Mathangasinghe, Yasith; Mathur, Neeta; Matozinhos, Fernanda Penido; Mattiello, Rita; Maude, Richard James; Mavrovounis, Georgios; McPhail, Steven M.; Mediratta, Rishi P.; Mehari, Medhin; Mehboob, Riffat; Mehrotra, Ravi; Mekonnen, Laychiluh Bantie; Meles, Hadush Negash; Melese, Addisu; Memary, Elham; Memish, Ziad Ahmed; Mendoza, Walter; Menezes, Godfred Antony; Mengistie, Emiru Ayalew; Menon, Tara P.; Meo, Sultan Ayoub; Mercogliano, Michelangelo; Meretoja, Tuomo J.; Merza, Muayad Aghali; Mestrovic, Tomislav; Mettananda, Chamila Dinushi Kukulege; Mettananda, Sachith; Metwally, Mohamed M. M.; Mewoabi, Sandrine Donfack D.; Miazgowski, Bartosz; Michalek, Irmina Maria; Minervini, Giuseppe; Ming, Wai-kit; Mini, G. K.; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M.; Mirshahvalad, Seyed Ali; Mishra, Amaresh; Mishra, Shivangi; Mishra, Vinaytosh; Mohamed, Mona Gamal; Mohamed, Nouh Saad; Ahmed, Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed; Mohammad, Taj; Mohammadi, Abdolreza; Mohammadi, Mohammad Kazem; Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza; Mohammadi, Saeed; Mohammadi, Sammy; Mohammed, Omer; Mohammed, Shafiu; Mohammed, Yahaya; Mohan, Syam; Mohanta, Yugal Kishore; Mohseni, Mohammad; Mohsenzadeh, Amin; Mokdad, Ali H.; Mollaei, Amirabbas; Monasta, Lorenzo; Moni, Mohammad Ali; Montalti, Marco; Moraga, Paula; Morais, Danilo Farias; Morawska, Lidia; Morovvati, Mahdis; Morsy, Mahmoud M.; Eceomo, Freiser; Mosquera, Cruz; Mosser, Jonathan F.; Motappa, Rohith; Mousavi, Seyed Ahmad; Khaneghah, Amin Mousavi; Kiasary, Fatemeh Mousavi; Kiasary, Seyed Mohamad Sadegh Mousavi; Mousnad, Mohamed Awad Abdalaziz; Mowafy, Hagar Lotfy; Yousefi, Kimia Mozahheb; Mubarik, Sumaira; Muhammad, Jibran Sualeh; Mukherjee, Sumoni; Mukhopadhyay, Amartya; Mulatu, Sileshi; Mulita, Francesk; Muniyandi, Malaisamy; Munjal, Kavita; Murillo-Zamora, Efren; Musa, Sani; Musaigwa, Fungai; Muthu, Sathish; Muthusamy, Raman; Muvunyi, Claude Mambo; Muzaffar, Muhammad; Nafei, Ayoub; Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman; Nagarajan, Karikalan; Naguib, Ghada; Naik, Ganesh R.; Naik, Hiten; Nainu, Firzan; Nair, Sanjeev; Najmuldeen, Hastyar Hama Rashid; Nangia, Vinay; Naqid, Ibrahim A.; Nargus, Shumaila; Nashwan, Abdulqadir J.; Nasiri, Hamide; Nassar, Mahmoud; Natto, Zuhair S.; Naureen, Zakira; Nayak, Biswa Prakash; Nazari, Javad; Nchanji, G. Takop; Nega, Amanuel Tebabal; Negash, Abigia Ashenafi; Negoi, Ionut; Negoi, Ruxandra Irina; Nematollahi, Mohammad Hadi; Nepal, Samata; Netsere, Henok Biresaw; Ngabonziza, Jean Claude Semuto; Cuong Tat Nguyen; Cuong Tat Nguyen; Hien Thu Nguyen; Huong Lan Thi Nguyen; Long Nguyen; Nghia Phu Nguyen; Tham Thi Nguyen; Trang Nguyen; Van Thanh Nguyen; Niazi, Robina Khan; Nikoobar, Ali; Niyonsenga, Jean Marie Vianney; Nkrumah-Boateng, Princess Afia; Nnaji, Chukwudi A.; Nnyanzi, Lawrence Achilles; Nomura, Shuhei; Noreen, Sana; Nriagu, Valentine C.; Nri-Ezedi, Chisom Adaobi; Nshimiyimana, Jean Claude; Nugen, Fred; Nunemo, Mengistu H.; Nwakama, Chijindu N.; Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe; Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet; Oancea, Bogdan; Oddi, Fabio Massimo; Oduro, Michael Safo; Ofakunrin, Akinyemi O. D.; Ogundijo, Oluwaseun Adeolu; Ojedoyin, Olusegun Olatunji; Okati-Aliabad, Hassan; Okeke, Sylvester Reuben; Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul; Okonji, Osaretin Christabel; Okunlola, Oluyemi Adewole; Okwute, Patrick Godwin; Olagunju, Andrew T.; Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola; Onyedibe, Kenneth Ikenna; Opitz, Marcel; Oradova, Aksoltan Shyhdurdyevna; Ordak, Michal; Orish, Verner N.; Orscelik, Atakan; Ortiz-Prado, Esteban; Osborne, Augustus; Osei, Eric; Othman, Elham H.; Otorkpa, Oche Joseph; Ouyahia, Amel; Owusu, Irene Amoakoh; Oyebanji, Oladayo Ayobami; Oyebola, Kolapo; Oyelade, Tope; Oyeniran, Kehinde Adewole; Oyeyemi, Oyetunde T.; Ozsahin, Ilker; Mahesh, P. A.; Padubidri, Jagadish Rao; Paija, Dimpal Manilal; Palicz, Tamas; Pana, Adrian; Panda, Sujogya Kumar; Pandey, Ashok; Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R.; Panos, Georgios D.; Pantazopoulos, Ioannis; Paolino, Giovanni; Papa, Mario Virgilio; Papadimopoulos, Ilias; Paranjkhoo, Parinaz; Pardhan, Shahina; Parida, Amrita; Park, Chulwoo; Pashaei, Ava; Pasovic, Maja; Passera, Roberto; Patel, Jenish; Patel, Mitesh; Patel, Neel Navinkumar; Patel, Satyananda; Patil, Shankargouda; Patoulias, Dimitrios; Pawar, Shrikant; Pawar, Shubhadarshini; Toroudi, Hamidreza Pazoki; Pekarcikova, Jarmila; Peprah, Prince; Pereira, Gavin; Perera, Nilanka; Chacon, Gladymar Perez; Perna, Simone; Petcu, Ionela-Roxana; Peter, Olumuyiwa James; Hai Quang Pham; Tung Thanh Pham; Philip, Anil K.; Piracha, Zahra Zahid; Pirera, Edoardo; Plotnikov, Evgenii; Poddighe, Dimitri; Polibin, Roman V.; Poluru, Ramesh; Postma, Maarten J.; Pourasghary, Sajjad; Pourbabaki, Reza; Poursadeqiyan, Mohsen; Pourtaheri, Naeimeh; Prada, Sergio I.; Pradhan, Pranil Man Singh; Prashant, Akila; Prates, Elton Junio Sady; Purkait, Tirna; Puvvula, Jagadeesh; Qanash, Husam; Qasim, Nameer Hashim; Qi, Xiang; Qi, Zhipeng; Qiu, Jia-Yong; Rabiee, Navid; Rabiu, Akeem Ganiyu Ganiyu; Rachmat, Basuki; Radhakrishnan, Raghu Anekal; Radhakrishnan, Venkatraman; Raghav, Yashpal Singh; Raghuveer, Pracheth; Rahamon, Sheu Kadiri; Rahim, Hawbash Mohammed-Amin; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rahman, Fryad Majeed; Rahman, Md Mosfequr; Rahman, Md Obaidur; Rahman, Muhammad Aziz; Rahmati, Masoud; Raina, Sunil Kumar; Raj, Jeffrey Pradeep; Raja, Adarsh; Rajaa, Sathish; Rajendran, Gunaseelan; Rajendran, Judah; Rajindrajith, Shaman; Rajizadeh, Mohammad Amin; Rakhimov, Kairolla Dyusenbayevich; Ramadan, Mahmoud Mohammed; Ramasamy, Chitra; Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran; Ramazanu, Sheena; Ramzan, Muhammad; Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal; Noei, Fatemeh Ranjbar; Rao, Asad Gul; Rao, Mithun; Rao, Sowmya J.; Rasouli-Saravani, Ashkan; Rath, Rama Shankar; Rathi, Isha; Rathish, Devarajan; Rauniyar, Santosh Kumar; Rawaf, David Laith; Rawaf, Salman; Ray, Asit; Reddy, Murali Mohan Rama Krishna; Redwan, Elrashdy; Reta, Melese Abate; Reyes, Luis Felipe; Rezaei, Nazila; Rezaeian, Mohsen; Rizvi, Moattar Raza; Roever, Leonardo; Rohilla, Ravi; Rony, Moustaq Karim Khan; Ross, Allen Guy Patrick; Rout, Himanshu Sekhar; Roy, Adrija; Roy, Parimal; Roy, Priyanka; Roy, Sharmistha; Roy, Shubhanjali; Chowdhury, Susovan Roy; Rubeshkumar, Polani; Ruela, Guilherme de Andrade; Chandan, S. N.; Saad, Aly M. A.; Sabbatucci, Michela; Saber-Ayad, Maha Mohamed; Rafiei, Seyed Kiarash Sadat; Saddique, Muhammad Nabeel; Sadee, Bashdar Abuzed; Sadeghi, Ehsan; Sadeghi, Erfan; Sadek, Bassem; Sadr, Hossein; Saeed, Mohd; Saeed, Shazina; Saeed, Umar; Saeedi, Maryam; Sagharichi, Mastooreh; Saghazadeh, Amene; Sah, Ashok Kumar; Saha, Indranil; Rafsanjani, Ahmad Sahban; Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh Saheb; Sharif-Askari, Narjes Saheb; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Sahu, Monalisha; Sahu, Sushil Kumar; Saki, Morteza; Sakshaug, Joseph W.; Salami, Bukola; Saleem, Zikria; Saleh, Mohamed A.; Salehi, Mahdi; Sallam, Malik; Kafil, Hossein Samadi; Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo; Samy, Abdallah M.; Sanjari, Elaheh; Sanjeev, Rama Krishna; Sankar, Sathish; Santric-Milicevic, Milena M.; Jose, Bruno Piassi Sao; Saravanan, Aswini; Sarma, Hemen; Sarmadi, Mohammad; Sarode, Gargi Sachin; Sarode, Sachin C.; Sassano, Michele; Sathian, Brijesh; Satpathy, Maheswar; Far, Mehrdad Savabi; Saya, Ganesh Kumar; Sedighi, Mansour; Seifmanesh, Hamidreza; Sekaran, Saravanan; Selvaraj, Bharathi; Selvaraj, Siddharthan; Selvaraj, Vimalraj; Semenova, Yuliya; Senthilkumaran, Subramanian; Serban, Dragos; Sethi, Yashendra; Alshohadaei, Seyed Mohammad Seyed; Seyedi, Dina; Seylani, Allen; Shaalan, Yara Khaled Fouad Sayed; Shahbaz, Kanwal; Shahid, Samiah; Shahid, Syed Ahsan; Shahini, Endrit; Shahwan, Moyad Jamal; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shaikh, Nafhat; Shakeri, Alireza; Shakerimoghaddam, Ali; Shakoor, Sadia; Sham, Sunder; Shamim, Muhammad Aaqib; Shams, Amir Hossein; Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran; Shamsi, Anas; Shan, Dan; Shannawaz, Mohammed; Sharifan, Amin; Rad, Javad Sharifi; Jazi, Fariborz Sharifian; Sharma, Avimanu; Sharma, Bunty; Sharma, Kamlesh; Sharma, Manila; Sharma, Manoj; Sharma, Ravi Kumar; Sharma, Vishal; Shastry, Rajesh P.; Shastry, Shamee; Shawahna, Ramzi; Sheidaei, Ali; Shenoy, Rekha Raghuveer; Shenoy, Suchitra M.; Sherchan, Samendra P.; Shetty, Mahabalesh; Shetty, Pavanchand H.; Shetty, Premalatha K.; Shi, Wenming; Shiferaw, Desalegn; Shimul, Md Monir Hossain; Il Shin, Jae; Shittu, Aminu; Shiue, Ivy; Shivamallu, Chandan; Shivarov, Velizar; Shoaib, Ambreen; Shokri, Azad; Shool, Sina; Shorofi, Seyed Afshin; Shrestha, Sunil; Shuaibu, Suleiman Adeiza; Sibuyi, Nicole Remaliah Samantha; Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar; Silva, Luis Manuel Lopes Rodrigues; Simkhada, Padam Prasad; Simpson, Colin R.; Singer, Mahmoud Kamal; Singh, Akanksha; Singh, Amit; Singh, Harmanjit; Singh, Harpreet; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Singh, Kalpana; Singh, Paramdeep; Singh, Poornima Suryanath; Singh, Puneetpal; Singh, Samer; Singh, Satwinder; Singh, Surendra; Singh, Surjit; Singh, Virendra; Sinha, Mukesh Kumar; Sinto, Robert; Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich; Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna; SobhZahedi, Mahdieh; Sohel, Md Salman; Sokhan, Anton; Soliman, Ahmed M.; Soliman, May Mohamed Sherif; Soliman, Noha Salah; Soliman, Sameh S. 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Journal: LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 2026; Vol. 26, Issue 4, pp. 343-361. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00689-9
